A Graduate Student Conference. Presented by CGU's History Department, Graduate Student History Association, and Phi Alpha Theta.
"War is the most intense nexus of politics, violence, culture, society, and nature. The fact that it is with us constantly is exemplified by Foucault’s provocative question: "If we look beneath peace, order, wealth, and authority, beneath the calm order of subordinations, beneath the State and State apparatuses, beneath the laws, and so on, will we hear and discover a sort of primitive and permanent war?" This conference is designed as a way to explore the multifarious ways in which war affects cultures and societies. The idea of war is neither constrained by temporality nor discipline, and it is enmeshed in the human condition. War is essentially an organizing principle by which we hope to discuss many diverse topics, which can include but are not limited to: Trauma, Suffering, Gender, The Environment, Memory, Race, Affect, Political Violence, Ideology, Technology, Secrecy, Human Rights, Torture, Justice, Power, Genocide." Submission deadline for abstracts: December 14, 2009.
Source: H-Net Announcements.
December 7, 2009
ART: Nicola Henry: "Witness to Rape: The Limits and Potential of International War Crimes Trials for Victims of Wartime Sexual Violence."
In: International Journal of Transitional Justice 3(1) (March, 2009): 114-134.
Abstract: "Despite the proliferation of trauma and memory research in recent years, we know very little about the contribution of transitional justice mechanisms to psychological healing and societal reconciliation in the aftermath of genocide, armed conflict and politicized violence. Many scholars in this area have argued that the disclosure of traumatic experiences is beneficial to the psychological recovery process for survivors of gross human rights violations. This article critically examines this therapeutic assumption within a transitional justice paradigm. The article explores the potentials and limitations of international war crimes trials for victims of wartime sexual violence, focusing specifically on the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). The article provides a theoretical framework for analyzing the significance of testimony at international war crimes trials and raises some critical questions related to the psychological impact of trials. It is argued that due to the sheer diversity and heterogeneity of wartime rape victims, the experience of giving testimony is likely to be mixed: while some victims may suffer under the constraints of legal process, under the right circumstances, war crimes trials may help others to make sense of their suffering."
Source: Oxford University Press.
Abstract: "Despite the proliferation of trauma and memory research in recent years, we know very little about the contribution of transitional justice mechanisms to psychological healing and societal reconciliation in the aftermath of genocide, armed conflict and politicized violence. Many scholars in this area have argued that the disclosure of traumatic experiences is beneficial to the psychological recovery process for survivors of gross human rights violations. This article critically examines this therapeutic assumption within a transitional justice paradigm. The article explores the potentials and limitations of international war crimes trials for victims of wartime sexual violence, focusing specifically on the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). The article provides a theoretical framework for analyzing the significance of testimony at international war crimes trials and raises some critical questions related to the psychological impact of trials. It is argued that due to the sheer diversity and heterogeneity of wartime rape victims, the experience of giving testimony is likely to be mixed: while some victims may suffer under the constraints of legal process, under the right circumstances, war crimes trials may help others to make sense of their suffering."
Source: Oxford University Press.
ART: Wood, Elisabeth J. "Armed Groups and Sexual Violence: When Is Wartime Rape Rare?"
In: Politics & Society 37(1) (2009): 131-161.
Abstract: "This article explores a particular pattern of wartime violence, the relative absence of sexual violence on the part of many armed groups. This neglected fact has important policy implications: If some groups do not engage in sexual violence, then rape is not inevitable in war as is sometimes claimed, and there are stronger grounds for holding responsible those groups that do engage in sexual violence. After developing a theoretical framework for understanding the observed variation in wartime sexual violence, the article analyzes the puzzling absence of sexual violence on the part of the secessionist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam of Sri Lanka."
Source: SAGE.
Abstract: "This article explores a particular pattern of wartime violence, the relative absence of sexual violence on the part of many armed groups. This neglected fact has important policy implications: If some groups do not engage in sexual violence, then rape is not inevitable in war as is sometimes claimed, and there are stronger grounds for holding responsible those groups that do engage in sexual violence. After developing a theoretical framework for understanding the observed variation in wartime sexual violence, the article analyzes the puzzling absence of sexual violence on the part of the secessionist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam of Sri Lanka."
Source: SAGE.
ART: Jiří Pešek. "Válečné zločiny německé wehrmacht v německé badatelské diskusi posledního desetiletí."
[War atrocities of the German Wehrmacht as a matter of German historiographical discussion of the last ten years], In: Ceský casopis historický - Czech Historical Review 107(3) (2009): 599-615.
Abstract: "This review article deals with the latest German historiographical research into the German military atrocities of World War II in Eastern Europe. The main focus of this research is laid on the mass murder of civilians and of Soviet and Polish prisoners of war, the question of mass rapes, the extermination of whole districts and the devastation of the occupied territories „in the East”. The latest works can be considered a step forward towards a new understanding of this problem not only in terms of providing us with new analytic studies or new sources, but also by formulating new, innovative questions about the Nazi regime itself and its concept of "total war" as well as its diverse relationship to the nations of Central and Eastern Europe."
Source: H-Soz-u-Kult.
Abstract: "This review article deals with the latest German historiographical research into the German military atrocities of World War II in Eastern Europe. The main focus of this research is laid on the mass murder of civilians and of Soviet and Polish prisoners of war, the question of mass rapes, the extermination of whole districts and the devastation of the occupied territories „in the East”. The latest works can be considered a step forward towards a new understanding of this problem not only in terms of providing us with new analytic studies or new sources, but also by formulating new, innovative questions about the Nazi regime itself and its concept of "total war" as well as its diverse relationship to the nations of Central and Eastern Europe."
Source: H-Soz-u-Kult.
BOOK: Kippenberg, Juliane. Soldiers Who Rape, Commanders Who Condone: Sexual Violence and Military Reform in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
New York, NY: Human Rights Watch, 2009.
Description: "This 56-page report documents persistent sexual violence by the army, and the limited impact of government and donor efforts to address the problem. The report looks closely at the conduct of the army's 14th brigade as an example of the wider problem of sexual violence by soldiers. The brigade has been implicated in many acts of sexual violence in North and South Kivu provinces, often in the context of massive looting and other attacks on civilians. Despite ample information about the situation, military, political, and judicial authorities have failed to take decisive action to prevent rape."
Full Text: Human Rights Watch.
Description: "This 56-page report documents persistent sexual violence by the army, and the limited impact of government and donor efforts to address the problem. The report looks closely at the conduct of the army's 14th brigade as an example of the wider problem of sexual violence by soldiers. The brigade has been implicated in many acts of sexual violence in North and South Kivu provinces, often in the context of massive looting and other attacks on civilians. Despite ample information about the situation, military, political, and judicial authorities have failed to take decisive action to prevent rape."
Full Text: Human Rights Watch.
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